| 摘要: |
| 为实现休养生息制度背景下耕地保护政策优化，提高政策设计的有效性和针对性。基于中央、国务院、各部委以及地方耕地保护相关政策文件和相关统计数据，整理和归纳了国内外耕地保护与休养生息制度等文献资料，综合运用文献研究法、归纳法等研究方法，分析未来休养生息和耕地保护战略需求，并从战略背景、目标原则、政策需求、路径方向、政策构成等角度，构建休养生息制度背景下耕地保护政策总体框架。结果表明：1）休养生息制度背景下，耕地保护政策设计的目标为永续粮食安全和资源可持续发展，原则为夯实粮食安全根基、支撑高质量发展、实现生态环境保护以及促进区域协同发展；2）针对耕地出现的“数量-质量-生态-权益”等问题，可通过“弹性空间-质量提升-风险管控-纵横补偿”的耕地保护路径，构建支撑资源安全的耕地保护政策体系；3）未来休养生息和耕地保护制度仍将并行，未来休养生息制度背景下，需要通过基于弹性空间优化调整耕地数量保护政策、质量提升统筹耕地养护与质量建设政策、风险管控构建耕地生态风险管控政策、纵横结合构建耕地保护补偿政策、休养生息和耕地保护协同完善监督考核政策等，优化现有耕地保护政策工具，提高管理水平。因此，构建休养生息制度背景下耕地保护转型政策总体框架，系统设计我国休养生息和耕地保护制度并行背景下的耕地保护政策，可以为未来耕地保护政策调整和优化提供科学依据和有效支撑。 |
| 关键词: 土地管理 耕地保护 休养生息 政策设计 调整优化 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2024.09.01 |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-21 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金重大项目（19ZDA096）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（42171289）；国家自然科学基金青年项目（42201285） |
|
| Research on the policy system of cultivated land protection under the background of rehabilitation system |
|
ZHAO Jing1,2, CHENG Jingwen1, PU Nanping1, XIE Enyi1, ZHAO Zhenting1, DANG Yuxuan1, LIAO Yubo1, CHEN Wenguang1, KONG Xiangbin1
|
| (1.College of Land Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Beijing Fangyuan Plan Co., Ltd., Beijing 100194, China) |
| Abstract: |
| This study was aimed to realize the optimization of farmland protection policies under the background of rehabilitation system and improve the effectiveness and pertinence during policy design. Based on relevant statistical data and policy documents of the Chinese central government， the State Council， various ministries and commissions， and local governments， this study collected and summarized on cropland protection and rehabilitation systems. In addition， the strategic needs of cropland protection and rehabilitation were analyzed in future by comprehensively using the literature research method and induction method， and an overall framework of cropland protection policies from the perspectives of strategic background， objective principles， policy needs， path direction， and policy composition was generated. The following results were obtained： 1） The objectives of cropland protection policy are designed for reliable food security and sustainable resource development with the principles to consolidate the foundation of food security， support high-quality development， realize ecological environment protection， and promote regional coordinated development. 2） In view of the problems of ‘quantity， quality， ecology， and rights and interests’existed in cropland protection， a cropland protection policy system supporting resource security can be built through the cropland protection paths of ‘resilience-space use， quality improvement， risk control， and vertical and horizontal compensation’. 3） In the future， the rehabilitation and cropland protection systems will continue to be implemented in parallel. Under the background of rehabilitation systems， it is crucial to optimize and adjust the cropland quantity protection policies based on resilience-space use， coordinate cropland conservation and quality construction policies through quality improvement， construct cropland ecological risk management policies through risk management， formulate cropland protection compensation policies through vertical and horizontal integration， and improve supervision and assessment policies through the synergy of rehabilitation and cropland protection systems. The existing cropland protection policies should be further optimized， and the land management level of related departments should be further improved. Therefore， the construction of an overall framework of cropland protection transformation policies under the background of rehabilitation system and the systematic design of cropland protection policies in China can provide scientific basis and effective support for the adjustment and optimization of cropland protection policies. |
| Key words: land policy cultivated land protection rehabilitation policy design adjustment and optimization |
